The Evolution In Telecommunication

From wire to wireless

Telecommunications is the exchange of information in any form (voice, data, text, images, audio, and video) over networks.

Wired telecommunication carriers mainly provide telecommunications services such as such as wired (landline) telephone, digital subscriber line (DSL) Internet, and cable TV and Internet services. These organizations route TV, voice, Internet, data, and other content over a network of wires and cables, and control access to this content. They may own and maintain networks, share networks with other organizations, or lease network capacity from other companies. Establishments in the telecommunications industry, however, do not create the content that is transmitted over their networks, such as TV programs (Establishments that create television programming are described in the Career Guide sections on the broadcasting and motion picture and video industries). Wired telecommunications also includes direct-to-home satellite television distributors and a variety of other businesses.

Telecommunications channel make use of a variety of telecommunications media. These include twisted-pair wire, coaxial cables, and fiber-optic cables, all of which physically link the devices in a network.

Twisted–pair wire also known as ordinary telephone wire, consisting of copper wire twisted in pairs, is the most widely used medium for telecommunications. These lines are used in established communications networks throughout the world for both voice and data transmission. Twisted-pair wiring is wrapped or shielded in a variety of forms and used extensively in home and office telephone systems and many local area networks and wide area network. Transmission speeds range from 2 million bits per second (unshielded) to 100 million bits per second (shield). It is cheap and easy to install.

Coaxial cable consists of a sturdy copper or aluminum wire wrapped with spacers to insulate and protect it. The high-quality lines can be placed underground and laid on the floors of lakes and oceans. They allow high-speed data transmission from 200 million to over 500 million bits per second – 200-500 Mbps. Coaxial cables are used in television cable, short-distance connections of computers, peripheral devices and other worksites for local area networks.

Fiber optics uses cables containing of one or more hair-thin filaments of glass fiber wrapped in a protective jacket. They can conduct pulses of visible light elements (photons) generated by lasers at transmission rates as high as trillions of bit per second, Tbps. Fiber-optic cables are not affected by and do not generate electromagnetic radiation; therefore, multiple fibers can be placed in the same cable. It is freedom from electrical interference and less susceptible (noise) and, therefore, more secure. It is the most expensive when compare to coaxial cable and twisted-pair cable.

Wireless telecommunications carriers provide telephone, Internet, data, and other services to customers through the transmission of signals over networks of radio towers. The signals are transmitted through an antenna directly to customers, who use devices, such as cell phones and mobile computers, to receive, interpret, and send information. A large component of this industry segment consists of companies that provide cellular phone service, which has grown rapidly over the past decade. Another component includes establishments that deliver mobile Internet services to individuals with Internet-enabled cellular phones and computers.

Wireless telecommunications carriers are deploying several new technologies to allow faster data transmission and better Internet access. With faster connection speeds, wireless carriers can transmit music, videos, applications, and other content that can be downloaded and played on cellular phones, giving users mobile access to large amounts of data. In addition, as use of this mobile technology increases, wireless companies continue to develop the next generation of technologies that will allow even faster data transmission.

Wireless telecommunications technologies rely on radio wave, microwave, infrared, and visible light pulses to transport digital communication without wires between communications devices. Wireless technologies include terrestrial microwave, communication satellites, cellular and PCS telephone and pager system, mobile data radio, wireless LANs, and various wireless technologies.

Terrestrial microwave involves earthbound microwave system that transmit high-speed radio signal in a line-of-sight path between relay stations spaced approximately 30 miles apart. Microwave antennas are usually placed on top of buildings, towers, hills, and mountain peaks, and they are familiar sight in many sections of the country.

A short-range wireless technology called Bluetooth is rapidly being built into computers and other devices.. Bluetooth serves as a wire-and cable-free wireless connection to peripheral devices such as computer printers and scanners. Bluetooth operates at about 1 Mbps and has an effective range from 10 to 100 meters. Given its fairly low cost to implement, Bluetooth is set to revolutionize telecommunication.

Communication satellites also use microwave radio as their telecommunications medium. Satellites are powered by solar panels and can transmit microwave signals at a rate of several hundred million bits per second. Communication satellites systems are operated by several firms, including Comsat, American Mobile Satelite, and Intellsat.

The Evolution of Data Management Technology

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The recent developments in information systems technologies have resulted in the computerizing of many applications in various business areas. Data has become critical resource in many organizations. Therefore, it is important for data resources in all information system to be organized and structured in a logical manner so that they can be shared, access easily, processed efficiently, retrieved quickly, and managed effectively. As a result, there have been several efforts on integrating the various data sources scattered across several sites.

2.0 THE EVOLUTION OF DATA MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES

During the early stage of data management, we have the traditional technologies like database design, transaction processing, and benchmarking. Then there are database systems based on data models such as hierarchical, network, relational, multidimensional and object-oriented. There are also database systems based on multiple sites or processors such as distributed and heterogeneous database systems, parallel systems, and systems being migrated. Finally, there are the emerging technologies such as data warehousing and mining, collaboration, and the Internet. For today, we’ll only focus on the data warehouse and data mining.

3.0 TRADITIONAL FILE PROCESSING

In file system approach, each user defines and implements the needed files for a specific application to run. Even though both of the users are interested in the each other data, they will have their details in separate files and they need different programs to manipulate their files. This lead to wastage of space and redundancy or replication of data's, which may lead to confusion, sharing of data among various users is not possible, data inconsistency may occur. These files will not be having any inter-relationship among the data's stored in these files. Therefore in traditional file processing every user will be defining their own constraints and implement the files needed for the applications.

Besides, many programmers will be creating files over a long period and various files have different format, in various application languages. Therefore there is possibility of information getting duplicated, this redundancy is storing same data multiple times leads to higher costs and wastage of space. This may result in data inconsistency in the application; this is because update is done to some of the files only and not all the files. In traditional file system, if any changes are made to the structure of the files if will affect all the programs, so changes to the structure of a file may require changing of all programs that access the file. The file processing approach finally become too cumbersome, costly, and inflexible to supply information needed. As a result, it was replaced by the database management approach.


4.0 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS)

What is a database management system? Technically speaking, it is a software system that uses a standard method of cataloguing, retrieving, and running queries on data. The DBMS manages incoming data, organizes it, and provides ways for the data to be modified or extracted by users or other programs. It allows one or more computer users create and access data in a database. The DBMS manages user requests (and requests from other programs) so that users and other programs are free from having to understand where the data is physically located on storage media and, in a multi-user system, who else may also be accessing the data. In handling user requests, the DBMS ensures the integrity of the data (that is, making sure it continues to be accessible and is consistently organized as intended) and security (making sure only those with access privileges can access the data). Therefore, data management systems include database systems, data warehouses, and data mining systems.

The relational database management system (RDBMS) is the most common used DBMS. A standard user and program interface is the Structured Query Language (SQL). A newer kind of DBMS is the object-oriented database management system (ODBMS). On PCs, Microsoft Access is a popular example of a single- or small-group user DBMS. Microsoft's SQL Server is an example of a DBMS that serves database requests from multiple (client) users. Other popular DBMS include MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft Access, SQL Server, FileMaker, Oracle, RDBMS, dBASE, Clipper, and FoxPro.


5.0 DATA WAREHOUSE

A data warehouse is a relational database that is designed for query and analysis rather than transaction processing. A data warehouse usually contains historical data that is derived from transaction data. It separates analysis workload from transaction workload and enables a business to consolidate data from several sources. In addition to a relational database, a data warehouse environment includes an extraction, transportation, transformation, and loading (ETL) solution, an online analytical processing (OLAP) engine, client analysis tools, and other applications that manage the process of gathering data and delivering it to business users.

According to Bill Inmon, famous author for several data warehouse books, "A data warehouse is a subject oriented, integrated, time variant, non volatile collection of data in support of management's decision making process".

-Subject Oriented

Data that gives information about a particular subject instead of about a company's ongoing operations.

-Integrated
Data that is gathered into the data warehouse from a variety of sources merged into a coherent whole.

-Time-variant

All data in the data warehouse is identified with a particular time period.

-Non-volatile

Data is stable in a data warehouse. More data is added but data is never removed. This enables management to gain a consistent picture of the business.

A complete data warehouse system starts with the data acquisition, which is the process of moving company data from the source systems into the warehouse. It is performed with software products known as ETL (Extract/Transform/Load) tools. Data acquisition is an ongoing, scheduled process, which is executed to keep the warehouse current to a pre-determined period in time, (i.e. the warehouse is refreshed monthly). Data cleansing is typically performed in conjunction with data acquisition (it can be part of the "T" in "ETL"). It is a complicated process that validates and, if necessary, corrects the data before it is inserted into the warehouse. For example, the company could have three "Customer Name" entries in its various source systems, one entered as "IBM", one as "I.B.M.", and one as "International Business Machines". Obviously, these are all the same customer. Someone in the organization must make a decision as to which is correct, and then the data cleansing tool will change the others to match the rule. This process is also referred to as "data scrubbing" or "data quality assurance". It can be an extremely complex process, especially if some of the warehouse inputs are from older mainframe file systems (commonly referred to as "flat files" or "sequential files").

Follow on is data aggregation; a process often performed during the "T" phase of ETL, if it is performed at all. Data warehouses can be designed to store data at the detail level (each individual transaction), at some aggregate level (summary data), or a combination of both. The advantage of summarized data is that typical queries against the warehouse run faster. The disadvantage is that information, which may be needed to answer a query, is lost during aggregation. The tradeoff must be carefully weighed, because the decision cannot be undone without rebuilding and repopulating the warehouse. The safest decision is to build the warehouse with a high level of detail, but the cost in storage can be extreme. Throughout the entire process of identifying, acquiring, and querying the data, metadata management takes place. Metadata is defined as "data about data. Metadata is stored in a Metadata Repository and provides extremely useful information to all of the tools mentioned previously. It is required to build the warehouse, since the ETL tool needs to know the metadata attributes of the sources and targets in order to "map" the data properly.

Some of the key data warehouse systems and the most widely used database engines for storing and serving data for the enterprise business intelligence and performance management:
-Teradata
-SAP BW - Business Information Warehouse
-Oracle
-Microsoft SQL Server
-IBM DB2
-SAS


6.0 DATA MINING

Data mining is defined as the extraction of hidden predictive information from large databases. It is the process of analyzing data from different perspectives and summarizing it into useful information - information that can be used to increase revenue, cuts costs, or both. Technically, data mining is the process of finding correlations or patterns among dozens of fields in large relational databases. Data mining tools predict future trends and behaviors, moving beyond the analyses of past events provided by retrospective tools typical of decision support systems. Data mining tools can answer business questions that traditionally were too time-consuming to resolve. They scour databases for hidden patterns, finding predictive information that experts may miss because it lies outside their expectations.

The technique that is used to perform these feats in data mining is called modeling. Modeling is simply the act of building a model in one situation where you know the answer and then applying it to another situation that you don't. Computers are loaded up with lots of information about a variety of situations where an answer is known and then the data mining software on the computer must run through that data and distill the characteristics of the data that should go into the model. Once the model is built it can then be used in similar situations where you don't know the answer.

Data mining techniques can be implemented rapidly on existing software and hardware platforms to enhance the value of existing information resources, and can be integrated with new products and systems as they are brought on-line. When implemented on high performance client/server or parallel processing computers, data mining tools can analyze massive databases to deliver answers to questions such as, "Which clients are most likely to respond to my next promotional mailing, and why?"

The National Basketball Association (NBA) is exploring a data mining application that can be used in conjunction with image recordings of basketball games. The Advanced Scout software analyzes the movements of players to help coaches orchestrate plays and strategies. For example, an analysis of the play-by-play sheet of the game played between the New York Knicks and the Cleveland Cavaliers on January 6, 1995 reveals that when Mark Price played the Guard position, John Williams attempted four jump shots and made each one! Advanced Scout not only finds this pattern, but explains that it is interesting because it differs considerably from the average shooting percentage of 49.30% for the Cavaliers during that game.

By using the NBA universal clock, a coach can automatically bring up the video clips showing each of the jump shots attempted by Williams with Price on the floor, without needing to comb through hours of video footage. Those clips show a very successful pick-and-roll play in which Price draws the Knick's defense and then finds Williams for an open jump shot.

General Purpose Application Software vs Function-specific Application Software

General Purpose Software
General-purpose application used to perform common information processing jobs for end users, which also known as productivity packages. Some of the most widely used productivity packages are bundled together as software suite. It makes users can purchase in lower cost rather than buying an individual packages. Besides, all application inside the packages have similar graphical user interface (GUI) and the features will work well together.But, these kind of packages will takes a lot of disk space because there are several programs or application jointly to provide more features for end users. It might be wasted because some of the features are not used frequently by users.

So, some of the will prefer to use integrated packages. Integrated packages combination functions of several programs into one packages. This kind of packages will let users to apply many funtioncs for lower cost. The most important is it uses let disk space. There is not perfect at all, due to save space on the disk, integrated packages is limited functionality and does not provide more features to end users.

The example of the general-prpose application programs include web browsers,electronic mail, word processing, spreadsheets, database managers, presentation graphics, personal information manager (PIM), and groupware.Below are the briefly explaination of the general purpose applications:

1. Web browsers

Web browsers such as Microsoft Explorer, Firefox, Netcape Navigator, or Opera are the software application that designed to support navigation through the point-and-click resources of the World Wide Web.

Web browsers main purpose is to bring useful resources to end user. Browsers also allow user to search any useful resources via the serch engine such as google search, yahoo search and so on.

2. Electronic mail

Normally there are three categories of electronic mail. They are E-mail, Instant messaging (IM), and Weblog or blog.

E-mail is a software that allow us to communicate by sending and receiving messages and attachments via the internet, intranet, or extranet. Examples for E-mail applications are hotmail, gmail, or ymail.

Hotmail

Instant messaging (IM) software is an application that allow end users to receive electronic messages instantly. Examples of instant messaging softwares are Yahoo messenger, Windows Live Messenger.

Msn messenger

Weblog or blog is a personal website in dated log format. It allow users to updated with the new information about a subject or range of subjects such as personal diaries, details of the latest products. Besides, it also giving an opportunities to some users for running their business. Examples of blogs are Google's Blogger, Wordpress, BlogEasy, My Blog Site and etc.

Google's Blogger

3. Word Processing

Word processing is the application that allows users to create, edit, revise, and print documents such as their reports, articles and etc. Microsoft Word, Lotus WordPro, Corel WordPerfect are the examples of word processing software.

Microsoft office

4. Electronic Spreadsheets

Electronic Spreadsheets normally used by virtually every business for the purpose analysis, planning,modeling their business. The worksheet provide end users to key in their data in the rows and columns form. Data that recorded can be stored on local computer or on network.

Besides, it also allow user to designing format and devoloping the formulas. Some users use spreadsheets to develop charts and graphic displays of the results. Spreadsheet also supports what-if questions. E.g. Microsost Excel.

Microsoft Excel

5. Data Managers

Data Managers is the application that used to manage or allocate data. Database software is one of the software that provides tools for organizing data into a form that allows for efficient search and retriveval. The software can allow users to related or accesed to specific data by using a database query. E.g. Microsoft Access.

Microsoft Access

6. Presentation Graphics

Common presentation graphics packages are used to create multimedia presentations of graphics, photos, animation, and video clips. While the top packages can tailor files for transfer in HTML format and publish to websites. E.g., Microsoft Power Point, Lotus Freelance, Corel Presentations.

These kinds of software are used commonly for college students nowadays. They normally used it for presentation and helps to create their slide show.

Microsoft Power Point

Function-specific Software

Function-specific application software packages are use for specific applications for the end-users in business and other fields. For example, business application software with strategic e-business applications allows the automation and reengineering of business processes. It includes enterprise resource planning, customer relationship management, and supply chain management. Software packages that Web-enable electronic commerce applications or apply to the functional areas of business like human resource management and accounting and finance. Software with decision support tools empowers managers and business professionals in decision making. Some of the examples are datamining, enterprise information portals, or knowledge management systems.

Data mining software analyzes that immense stores of historical business data that have been prepared for analysis in corporate data warehouses and tries to find out the models, trends, and correlations hidden in the data that can help ameliorate a company improve its business performance. It may perform regression, decision tree, neural network, cluster detection, or market basket analysis for a business.

Computer-based information systems like Decision Support Systems (DSS) provide managers and business professionals the interactive information during the decision-making process. Decision support systems use (1) analytical models, (2) specialized databases, (3) a decision maker’s own insights and judgements, and (4) an interactive, computer-based modelling process to support semi structured business decisions.

Geographic information systems (GIS) and data visualisation systems (DVS) are special categories of Decision Support Systems (DSS). The both systems combine computer graphics with other DSS features. A geographic information system uses geographic databases to create and show map and other graphics displays that support decisions affecting the geographic distribution of people and other resources.

Executive information systems (EIS) are the combination of many of the features of management information systems and decision support systems. The purpose of EIS is to provide top executives, managers, analysts, and other knowledge workers with prompt and easy access to information about a firm’s critical success factors (CSFs). In order to make EIS more useful to top managers and business professionals, Web browsing, groupware tools, electronic mail, and DSS and expert system capabilities are being added to the system.

An expert systems (ES) is a knowledge-based information system that uses it’s particular and complicated application area knowledge to act as an expert consultant to end users. ES provide solutions for a very specific problem area by making humanlike inferences about knowledge contained in a particularize knowledge base.

The Evolution of Computer System

From Mainframe Computer Systems to Microcomputer Systems

Below are the briefly explaination of evolution of computer systems:

Categories of Computer Systems

1. Supercomputer Systems


Supercomputer systems are the fastest, most powerful, most expensive computer. Used for applications requiring complex mathematical calculations (100 Trillion instructions per second). Supercomputer are extremely designed for scientific, engineering, and business applications.

2. Mainframe Computer Systems

Mainframe computer systems are very powerful, expensive computer that supports thousands of computers.Mainframes have even more access to storage space and to input or output devices. Mainframe is useful and required by large corporations who have large amounts of data to process.

For example, overseas banks need mainframe to maintain their customer account records (like their bank account balance,withdraw, deposited) so that the customer can doing transaction at any of the branches.Mainframe is becoming a popular computing platform for data mining and warehousing. Besides, mainframe is important to electronic commerce applications too.In the early 1990s, there was a consensus among industry analysts that the mainframe was a dying market as mainframe platforms were increasingly replaced by microcomputer networks. Counselors began to interface with microcomputers much more, it is prompt within the world of business.


3. Midrange Computer Systems

Midrange computer systems are the high-end network servers that handle large scale processing of business applications. It is not as powerful as mainframes computers. It normally used as front-end servers to assist mainframes with telecommunications and networks.


4. Microcomputer

Microcomputer usually called a personal computer or PC. Dekstop computer and notebook computer, tablet PC are all categories as microcomputer.Microcomputers can be grouped into five smaller groups; the workstations, desktops,servers, laptops and notebooks.

desktop computer

Desktop computer was designed so all of the components fit entirely on or under a desk or table.

notebook computer

Notebook computer is portable, small enough to fit on your lap. It also called a laptop computer.Notebook computer generally more expensive than a desktop computer.

Microcomputer can computing power now exceeds that of the mainframes of previous generations. The advantages of microcomputer is it relatively inexpensive. It also a networked professional workstations used by business procession. Nowadays, almost every household have at least one microcomputer. Microcomputer is easy to carry and can access to the network. Besides, it can replace televisyen, because it can allow users to play song, movie and have a lot of features that prefer by users. But it just allow one user to use only.

Workstations computer generally refer to machines used for intensivecalculations on designs such as architecture and buildings.while other computers are used as network servers.These are usually more powerful microcomputers that coordinate telecommunications and resource sharing in small local area networks and in internet or intranet web sites.

5. Mobile computers

Apple Iphone

Mobile computers are the develop of microcomputers an it also called hand-held microcomputer devices. Nowadays, almost everyone have at least one mobile computer. Mobile computer is a small computer that can be carried in pocket.

Handheld computer devices is also known as personal digital assistants (PDAs).PDAs are a very recent enhancement of electronic productivity tools based on microprocessor technology. It can access to wireless and allow user to access the web. Personal Digital Assistants such as Apple’s iPhone, Blackberry provide business people, and technocrats, with common daily organisation tools (such as a diary, telephone book, notepad) in a small packaging usually no larger than a stenographer or short-hand notepad.

Introduction of Members

1. Juno Poon

My name is Poon Dao Chun. I’m an 18 years old boy from Johor and currently studying in Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Perak campus.

The things that I do most when I free are watching drama and surfing internet. I really like to watch Hong Kong drama when I have nothing to do. I can finish a series within 3 or 4 days.

Besides, I like to surfing internet too. It becomes a routine for me. The websites I access the most are Facebook, Sin Chew Daily, my personal blog, Hotmail and Google. Facebook is the most popular social network website; almost every youngster has an account on it including me. I like to view others’ profile and photos, post my thought and share videos’ link. Sin Chew Daily is a Chinese online newspaper. I can get the latest news from this website in order to know what had happen around us.

I have a personal blog and I will update it frequently when I’m free. I like to share my life experience, my thought and some meaningful articles with others. I will also check my mail in Hotmail daily. Hotmail enables me connect and shares with the people in my life.

Lastly, I would like to use google search to search the information that I need. I like to surf internet because it is the only way that can help me release my stress in Kampar,especially used it for my drama!

2. Christine Ong

Well here I am, writing my very first blog. It feels kind of weird. It’s not something that I’m accustomed to doing but yet thrilled to do it.

Now let me tell you a little about myself. Some of you might have already known who I am, some probably would be still wondering who I am.

Well for starters, my name is Christine Ong Ker Xin, I’m twenty years old, and I’m a student in Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman. That’s me! Now, let me go into a little more detail about myself. If you want a picture of me, I’m five foot four and a half inches tall. I have long brown black hair, and a pair of big round eyes that are brown black in colour too. Eating is everything to me. I never allow anything to stand between me and food, even though this habit of mine has made me grow horizontally.

For me, I used to don’t spend much of my time in front of the computer. Some of the website that I would find myself in front of are facebook, google, 1n2dwordpress, youtube, and utar portal. However, during this few recent year, I find myself starting to live life on the Internet, playing bejewelled, updating myself on my friend’s status, checking my mail, watching drama and movie trailer, doing the nonstop assignment and so on. Life is really interesting and adventurous for me now; I hope it is the same for you, all my friends outside!

3. K.C. Yong

My name is Yong Kah Chun, 19 years old, male. I have many nicknames like fatty, fat boy, panda, and fishball and so on. I come from Kampar and Kampar is a nice place, although it is a small town but I love it very much.

My hobbies are play badminton and watch movie, especially TVB series movie. I like to play badminton with my friends with the aim of lose weight but it did not work because we do not do that regularly. I can watch movie non-stop for whole day because I enjoy watching. Because of this, I like to collect movies that are interesting for me.

Other than that, I like online to chat with my friends, get the hottest news from the website, and do research for the assignment. The top 5 websites that I visit are The Star, Sin Chew Daily, Ask, Google and Bing. I get daily news from The Star and Sin Chew Daily website in order to what is happening around the world. Ask, Google and Bing websites are the most popular website that students find their information to do the assignment. The information provided is sufficient and useful for the assignment. I like to use that website also. The top 5 internet activities are send or read email through MSN website, research a product and service, watch video, play games and read someone’s blog in order to know how are they nearly.

In addition, I introduce my favorite things and dislikes. My favorite foods are clay pot noodles, clay pot chicken rice, chicken curry bread, chicken biscuit and laksa. Kampar’s famous foods are chicken biscuit, curry chicken bread, and clay pot chicken rice. Many tourists like come to Kampar and try the curry chicken bread. Chicken biscuit is the famous snack of Kampar. Tourist likes to buy chicken biscuit back to hometown as souvenir for their friend and relatives. I dislike animal especially dogs and cats, I start shivering when dog and cat come near to me, I will shout loudly and ask my friend to kick them away.

4. Toby Poh

My name is Poh Yu Xiong. I’m currently a Year 1 Semester 1 student in University Tunku Abdul Rahman who studying Finance.

When I am free, I like to surf internet.The top 5 website that I visited most is HdZone, FaceBook, Utar, SinChew Daily and DarrenChong Blog. The internet activity that I always done including socialize through FaceBook. In there, I can keep in touch with my primary school-mate, secondary school-mate. What I like the most in FaceBook is watching others photo and playing FaceBook games.

Besides FaceBook, I always download movie and song through HdZone. HdZone is actually a forum that enable us to interact on many topics include news, healthy information, historical view and else.

UTAR WBLE is another website that I visit most. Normally, I will always check on the updates of lecture notes and also tutorial question.

Other than that, I also watch the online news through SinChew Daily. Since I had no newspaper to watch at Kampar, I always visit the SinChew Daily website to gain the latest news over Malaysia and World. Lastly, I always visit to Darren Chong blog. Darren Chong is actually a good photographer. What he had upload to his blog is the pre-wedding photo that he help people to take. Meanwhile, have a nice day!

5. Wellfred P'ng

My name is P'ng Geok Thye. Usually I am using Wellfred as my user name in all internet activities or applications. I come from Penang Island and I currently in Kampar to get my Bachelor of Finance.

Compare with Penang, Kampar is a such boring places. At here, just have Tesco and there is no any cinema, large shopping complex and the most important is do not have McDonald's!

So, undoubted, the only activity that I launched here is surfing web. The top 5 websites that I surf are Facebook, Business Week, ProjectW, YouTube, and Wo99.I can said that I almost spend about 12 hours per day on Facebook. Because I can leave a lot of comments, view photos of my friends and also gossip there. YouTube is preferred too. There a lot of self capture movies, I can find some fun there. While, I visit business week because there a lot of articles about the latest business trend. ProjectW giving me a chance to have the software that I wish to for free.

I like music, especially singing. So, Wo99 allow me to download a lot of song from there. Some of the song is in karaoke version, that's why I can download from it and make my own recorded albums.